Which process describes the retention of information in working memory?

The retention of information in working memory is best described by the process of rehearsal. Rehearsal involves actively reviewing and practicing information to keep it in mind and facilitate its encoding into long-term memory. This technique is crucial for maintaining information within working memory for short periods, which is necessary for tasks that require immediate recall, such as solving a math problem or remembering a phone number just long enough to dial it.

In the context of working memory, rehearsal helps prevent the information from fading away by repeating it either verbally (subvocal rehearsal) or mentally. This distinct function of rehearsal is essential in cognitive tasks, as it directly influences how effectively we can hold and manipulate information.