Which cognitive ability typically improves with age?

Wisdom and accumulated knowledge typically improve with age because this aspect of cognition involves the integration of experiences, insights, and learning over time. As individuals age, they accumulate a wealth of information and experiences that contribute to their understanding of complex situations, decision-making, and problem-solving. This deepened understanding often leads to greater wisdom, allowing older adults to apply their knowledge in practical and meaningful ways.

Furthermore, the development of wisdom is not merely a reflection of the amount of knowledge one possesses, but also involves the ability to evaluate situations compassionately and with more nuanced perspectives. Unlike other cognitive abilities such as memory recall, processing speed, or the ability to learn new concepts—which tend to decline or stay stable with age—wisdom benefits from the richness of life experiences, making it a unique cognitive ability that generally enhances as one grows older.