What does the working memory model describe?

The working memory model describes a framework for temporarily holding and manipulating information. This model, developed by psychologists Alan Baddeley and Graham Hitch, emphasizes the active processes involved in short-term memory, as opposed to just viewing it as a passive storage system. It posits that working memory consists of multiple components, including the central executive, which directs attention and manages the information flow, as well as specialized systems for handling verbal and visual information.

This model is distinct because it not only focuses on the retention of information for a brief period but also highlights the ability to manipulate this information for reasoning, comprehension, and problem-solving. It captures the dynamic nature of how information is utilized in real-time tasks, such as mental arithmetic or language processing. Thus, the working memory model serves as a critical concept for understanding how cognitive tasks are performed and illustrates the complexity of the cognitive processes involved in memory.