What do we call past knowledge that is consciously brought to mind?

The term that refers to past knowledge that is consciously brought to mind is explicit memory. Explicit memory involves the ability to consciously recall information, such as facts or events, and is often tested through tasks that require a person to retrieve information intentionally. Examples include recalling your last birthday party or remembering the capital of a country.

In contrast, implicit memory refers to information that influences thoughts and behaviors without conscious awareness, such as skills or conditioned responses. Procedural memory, a subset of implicit memory, specifically relates to the knowledge of how to perform tasks, like riding a bike or tying shoelaces, whereas remote memory pertains to memories from a long time ago, which may be more difficult to access. Thus, explicit memory encompasses the conscious retrieval of facts and experiences, making it the correct choice in this context.