Which function is primarily associated with the hippocampus?

The hippocampus is primarily associated with the formation of new memories, particularly in the context of declarative memory, which includes facts and events. This brain structure plays a crucial role in consolidating information from short-term memory to long-term memory, enabling individuals to learn new information and remember past experiences.

Research has shown that damage to the hippocampus can result in significant difficulties in forming new memories, known as anterograde amnesia. This specific association highlights its essential function in memory processing and retrieval. While other brain regions are involved in aspects such as emotional regulation, language comprehension, and visual processing, the hippocampus is distinctly recognized for its central role in memory formation.