What role do neurotransmitters play in memory formation?

Neurotransmitters play a crucial role in memory formation by facilitating communication between neurons. When a new memory is being formed, neurotransmitters are released at synapses, which are the junctions between neurons. These chemical messengers bind to receptor sites on adjacent neurons, allowing the transmission of signals that are essential for processing and storing information. This synaptic activity is fundamental for encoding memories and strengthening the connections between neurons, which is often referred to as synaptic plasticity. The more effectively neurotransmitters function in this communication process, the more robust the memory formation can be, highlighting their pivotal role in cognitive functioning, particularly in learning and memory.